question 1

1.1                      9 elements of digital citizenship-

etiquette- standards of conduct

health and wellness- physical wellbeing in a digital world

rights and responsibilities- freedom extended to everyone in the world

literacy- process of learning about technology

commerce and e commerce- electronic buying

security- electronic precautions and safety measures

access- for everyone to participate in electronic society and be able to use it

communication- is now electronically exchanged through social media

law-obeying the law rights and responsibilities online.

1.2 The digital divide- a divide in Infrastructure
Facebook founder and the CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s ground breaking invention Internet org has launched Aquila, a solar powered unmanned plane that will beam down internet connectivity from the sky. It has the wingspan of a Boeing 737, but weighs less than a car and can stay in the air for months at a time. Furthermore breakthrough in laser communication  technology that can transmit data at 10 gigabits per second. That’s ten times faster than any previous system, and it can accurately connect with the point size of a dime from more than 10 miles away. This effort is important because because 10% of the world population lives in area without existing internet infrastructure(internet.org)
The digital divide- a Socio -economic divide
The first issue surrounding across is that of the ability to access, in general, data and information through the use of digital devices. This lack access is known as the digital divide’, or sometimes referred to as those that have and those that’have not'(Dutton 2004).
The digital divide- a Divide in Content
According to Dutton(2004), nearly 70% of websites are in English. Although this has changed substantially, the fact of the matter remains that English dominates the web.
The digital divide- a Gender Divide
According to a 2013 report, the Internet gender gap is notable in developing countries, with very real consequences to the girls and woman of those communities. The statistics show that on average, women are online in developing countries 23% less than that of their males counterparts
The digital Divide- the Universal Access Divide
Another issue pertaining to digital access is that of those who are physically disadvantaged. Those that suffer from some physical disability are often disenfranchised when it comes to access, not because of the lack of skills but, moreover, the hardware and software utilised and available.

1.3 By being an on the go digital citizen one can be cooperative in helping to market organisations (Facebook, Airbnb, Uber), as well as advertising or promoting other organisations. Digital citizens can also advertise their businesses. If a business needs to get a point or message across they ought to go through digital citizens, in that way their message gets delivered by numerous individuals. Social capital can be enhanced if digital citizens divide and market organisations accordingly and for the correct reasons. If they have enough number of citizens and transmit the message that needs to be carried out.

Digital citizens on the other hand have responsibilities as well as human rights. They control the way the rest of the civilization see a certain organisation. Digital citizens have to take up a normative form, in which they connect with the rest of the society.

”Social capital can be described as the networks and value of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively” – According to Dictionary.com (2016)

So in the end, digital citizens can build and enhance the social capital buy using online sources more often, such as facebook, instagram, twitter and so forth. When they do this, there are many benefits such as participation, citizen power, feelings of trust and safety.

1.4